Editing Story Musgrave

{{BLP sources|date=October 2009}}
{{Infobox astronaut
| name          =F. Story Musgrave
| other_names   =Franklin Story Musgrave
| image         =StoryMusgrave.jpg
| type          =[[NASA]] [[Astronaut]]
| status        =Retired
| nationality   =American
| birth_date    ={{Birth date and age|1935|8|19}}
| birth_place   =Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
| occupation    =Physician 
| alma_mater    =SU, B.S. 1958<br/>UCLA, MBA 1959<br/>[[Marietta College]], B.A. 1960<br/>[[Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons|P&S]], M.D. 1964<br/>UK, M.S. 1966<br/>[[University of Houston–Clear Lake|UHCL]], M.A. 1987
| selection     =[[NASA Astronaut Group 6|1967 NASA Group 6]]
| eva1          =4
| eva2          =26 hours 19 minutes<ref>[http://www.spacefacts.de/eva/astronauts/english/musgrave_story.htm Story Musgrave's EVA experience]</ref>
| time          =53d 09h 55m
| mission       =[[STS-6]], [[STS-51-F]], [[STS-33]], [[STS-44]], [[STS-61]], [[STS-80]]
| insignia      =[[File:Sts-6-patch.png|30px]][[File:Sts-51-f-patch.png|30px]][[File:Sts-33-patch.png|30px]][[File:Sts-44-patch.png|30px]][[File:Sts-61-patch.png|27px]][[File:Sts-80-patch.png|35px]]
| Date of ret   =September 2, 1997
| awards        =[[File:NASA Distinguished Service Medal.jpg|20px|link=NASA Distinguished Service Medal]]
|}}
'''Franklin Story Musgrave''', M.D. (born August 19, 1935) is an American physician and a retired [[NASA]] [[astronaut]].  He is a [[public speaker]]<ref>Community Digest. 2012. Lake County News-Sun (Waukegan, IL, October 4, 2012)</ref> and consultant to both [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]]'s [[Imagineering]] group and [[Applied Minds]] in California. In 1996 he became only the second astronaut to achieve the record of six spaceflights, and he is the most formally educated astronaut with six academic degrees.

==Personal life==
Musgrave was born August 19, 1935, and grew up in [[Stockbridge, Massachusetts]], but considers Lexington, Kentucky, to be his hometown.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/musgrave.html | title = Biographical Data | accessdate=2011-11-26}}</ref> He had six children, one of whom is deceased.
<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.spacestory.com/storyf.htm | title = Space Story: Biography | last = Lenehan | first = Anne | accessdate=2007-10-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/musgrave.html | title = Biographical Data | accessdate=2014-10-29}}</ref> His hobbies are chess, [[aviation|flying]], gardening, [[literary criticism]], poetry, [[microcomputer]]s, [[parachute|parachuting]], photography, [[Reading (activity)|reading]], running, scuba diving,  [[Lift (soaring)|soaring]] and [[mulch]].

In the early 1990s, Musgrave was [[stalking|stalked]] by [[Margaret Mary Ray]], a [[schizophrenic]] woman who had previously served time for stalking comedian [[David Letterman]].<ref>Foster, David & Levinson, Arlene. [http://www.onlineathens.com/1998/101198/1011.a3letterman.html Suicide on a railroad track ends a celebrity-stalker's inner agony], Associated Press, October 11, 1998</ref>

==Education==
Story Musgrave attended [[Dexter School]], Brookline, Massachusetts and [[St. Mark's School (Massachusetts)|St. Mark's School]], [[Southborough, Massachusetts]], from 1947 to 1953, prior to dropping out of St. Mark's shortly before graduation. While serving in the Marines, Story would go on to receive his GED.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lenahan/Musgrave|first1=Anne/Story|url=http://www.storymusgrave.com/biography_biographies_anne_lenehan_page03.htm|title=Musgrave's Personal Site}}</ref> He received a B.S. degree in Mathematics and Statistics from Syracuse University in 1958, an MBA degree in Operations Analysis and [[Computer Programming]] from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1959, a B.A. degree in Chemistry from [[Marietta College]] in 1960, an M.D. degree from [[Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons]] in 1964, an M.S. degree in Physiology and [[Biophysics]] from the University of Kentucky in 1966, and a [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] degree in Literature from the [[University of Houston–Clear Lake]] in 1987.<ref>NASA's Scientist-Astronauts, [[Colin Burgess (author)|Burgess, Colin]] and Shayler, David, 2007, Springer Praxis, ISBN 0-387-21897-1, Pages 150-151.</ref>

==Military career==
Musgrave entered the [[United States Marine Corps]] in 1953, served as an aviation electrician and instrument technician, and as an aircraft crew chief while completing duty assignments in Korea, Japan and Hawaii, and aboard the carrier [[USS Wasp (CV-18)|USS ''Wasp'']] in the Far East. Musgrave's brother was based on the same carrier as he, as an aviator, and on one mission crashed after takeoff and died after the carrier "ran over him".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfELc0XuW_w&t=4m59s Musgrave TED Talk]</ref>  Musgrave has flown 17,700 hours in 160 different types of civilian and military aircraft, including 7,500 hours in jet aircraft. He has earned FAA ratings for instructor, instrument instructor, glider instructor, and airline transport pilot, and [[astronaut wings]]. An accomplished parachutist, he has made more than 800 free falls — including over 100 experimental free-fall descents involved with the study of human aerodynamics.

==Medical career==
Musgrave was employed as a mathematician and operations analyst by the [[Eastman Kodak Company]], Rochester, New York, during 1958.

He served a surgical internship at the University of Kentucky Medical Center in Lexington from 1964 to 1965, and continued there as a U.S. Air Force post-doctoral fellow (1965–1966), working in [[aerospace medicine]] and physiology, and as a National Heart Institute post-doctoral fellow (1966–1967), teaching and doing research in cardiovascular and [[exercise physiology]]. From 1967 to 1989, he continued clinical medicine on a part-time basis at Denver General Hospital (presently known as [[Denver Health Medical Center]]) and as a part-time instructor of physiology and biophysics at the University of Kentucky Medical Center.

He has written or been listed as a co-author of twenty five scientific papers in the areas of [[aerospace medicine]] and physiology, [[temperature regulation]], exercise physiology, and clinical surgery.

==NASA career==
Musgrave was selected as a scientist-astronaut by NASA in August, 1967. He completed astronaut academic training and then worked on the design and development of the [[Skylab]] Program. He was the backup science-pilot for the first Skylab mission.

Musgrave participated in the design and development of all [[Space Shuttle]] extra-vehicular activity equipment, including [[spacesuit]]s, [[life support]] systems, airlocks and [[Manned Maneuvering Unit]]s. From 1979 to 1982, and 1983 to 1984, he was assigned as a test and verification pilot in the Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory at [[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center|JSC]].

Musgrave served as a [[Flight controller#Capsule Communicator .28CAPCOM.29|CAPCOM]] (capsule [spacecraft] communicator) for the second and third Skylab missions, [[STS-31]], [[STS-35]], [[STS-36]], [[STS-38]] and [[STS-41]]. He was a [[Mission Specialist]] on [[STS-6]] (1983), [[STS-51-F]]/Spacelab-2 (1985), [[STS-33]] (1989), [[STS-44]] (1991), and [[STS-80]] (1996); and the Payload Commander on [[STS-61]] (1993).

A veteran of six space flights, Musgrave has spent a total of 1,281 hours, 59 minutes, 22 seconds on space missions, including nearly 27 hours of [[Extravehicular activity|EVA]].

Musgrave is the only astronaut to have flown on all five [[Space Shuttle]]s. Prior to [[John Glenn]]'s return to space in 1998, Musgrave held the record for the oldest person in orbit, at age 61.<ref>[http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-80/images/captions/KSC-96EC-1338.html Nasa.gov]</ref> 

He retired from [[NASA]] in 1997.

==Spaceflight experience==

===STS-6===
{{main|STS-6}}
He first flew on [[STS-6]], which launched from the [[Kennedy Space Center]], on April 4, 1983, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base in California, on April 9, 1983. During this maiden voyage of [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']], the crew performed the first Shuttle deployment of an IUS/TDRS satellite, and Musgrave and [[Donald H. Peterson|Don Peterson]] conducted the first Space Shuttle [[extra-vehicular activity]] (EVA) to test the new space suits and construction and repair devices and procedures. Mission duration was 5 days, 23 minutes, 42 seconds.

===STS-51-F===
{{main|STS-51-F}}
On [[STS-51-F]]/Spacelab-2, the crew aboard ''Challenger'' launched from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 29 July 1985, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base, California, on 6 August 1985. This flight was the first pallet-only Spacelab mission, and the first mission to operate the Spacelab Instrument Pointing System (IPS). It carried 13 major experiments in astronomy, astrophysics, and [[life sciences]]. During this mission, Musgrave served as the [[systems engineering|systems engineer]] during launch and entry, and as a pilot during the orbital operations. Mission duration was 7 days, 22 hours, 45 minutes, 26 seconds.

===STS-33===
{{main|STS-33}}
On [[STS-33]], he served aboard the [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']], which launched at night from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 22 November 1989. This classified mission operated payloads for the [[United States Department of Defense]]. Following 79 orbits, the mission concluded on 27 November 1989, with a landing at sunset on Runway 04 at Edwards Air Force Base, California. Mission duration was 5 days, 7 minutes, 32 seconds.

[[File:Hubble First Servicing EVA - GPN-2000-001085.jpg|thumb|250px|Musgrave, anchored on the end of the [[Canadarm]], prepares to be elevated to the top of the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] to install protective covers on the [[magnetometers]] as part of [[STS-61]]]]

===STS-44===
{{main|STS-44}}
[[STS-44]] also launched at night on 24 November 1991. The primary mission objective was accomplished with the successful deployment of a [[Defense Support Program]] (DSP) satellite with an Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) rocket booster. In addition the crew also conducted two [[Military Man in Space]] Experiments, three radiation monitoring experiments, and numerous medical tests to support longer duration Shuttle flights. The mission was concluded in 110 orbits of the [[Earth]] with ''[[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Atlantis]]'' returning to a landing on the lakebed at Edwards Air Force Base, California, on 1 December 1991. Mission duration was 6 days, 22 hours, 50 minutes, 42 seconds.

===STS-61===
{{main|STS-61}}
[[STS-61]] was the first [[Hubble Space Telescope]] (HST) servicing and repair mission.  Following a night launch from Kennedy Space Center on 2 December 1993, [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']] rendezvoused with and captured the HST. During this 11-day flight, the HST was restored to its full capabilities through the work of two pairs of astronauts during a record 5 spacewalks. Musgrave performed 3 of these spacewalks. After having travelled 4,433,772 miles in 163 orbits of the Earth, ''Endeavour'' returned to a night landing in Florida on 13 December 1993. Mission duration was 10 days, 19 hours, 59 minutes.

===STS-80===
{{main|STS-80}}
On [[STS-80]], (19 November to 7 December 1996), the crew aboard [[Space Shuttle Columbia|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'']] deployed and retrieved the [[Wake Shield Facility]] (WSF) and the [[Orbiting Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer]] (ORFEUS) satellites. The free-flying WSF created a super vacuum in its wake in which to grow [[thin film wafer]]s for use in semiconductors and the electronics industry. The ORFEUS instruments, mounted on the reusable [[Shuttle Pallet Satellite]], studied the origin and makeup of stars. During deorbit and landing, Musgrave stood in the cockpit and pointed a handheld video camera out the windows. In doing so, he recorded the plasma streams over the orbiter's hull for the first time, and he is still the only astronaut to see them first-hand. In completing this mission he logged a record 278 earth orbits, traveled over 7 million miles in 17 days, 15 hours, 53 minutes.

==Organizations==
He is a member of Phi Delta Theta, [[Alpha Kappa Psi]], the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], [[Beta Gamma Sigma]], the Civil Aviation Medical Association, the Flying Physicians Association, the International Academy of Astronautics, the Marine Corps Aviation Association, the [[National Aeronautic Association]], the National Aerospace Education Council, the National Geographic Society, the [[United States Navy League|Navy League]], the [[New York Academy of Sciences]], [[Omicron Delta Kappa]], the [[Soaring Club of Houston]], the [[Soaring Society of America]] and the [[United States Parachute Association]].

==Awards and honors==
<center>
{|
|colspan=3 align=center|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=103}} {{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=NasaDisRib.gif|width=103}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=award-star|ribbon=USA - NASA Excep Rib.png|width=103}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=5|type=award-star|ribbon=SpaceFltRib.gif|width=103}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=103}}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|colspan=3 align=center|Meritorious Unit Commendation | [[NASA Distinguished Service Medal]]
|-
|align=center|[[NASA Exceptional Service Medal]]<br>with one star
|align=center|[[NASA Space Flight Medal]]<br>with five stars
|align=center|National Defense Service Medal
|}
</center>

*United States Air Force Post-doctoral Fellowship (1965–1966)
*[[National Heart Institute]] Post-doctoral Fellowship (1966–1967)
*Reese Air Force Base Commander's Trophy (1969)
*[[American College of Surgeons]] I.S. Ravdin Lecture (1973)
*Flying Physicians Association Airman of the Year Award (1974 & 1983)

==Other work==
Musgrave has made [[cameo appearance]]s on several documentary TV programs, as well as the movie ''[[Mission to Mars]]'' (2000) as "3rd [[Capsule communicator|CAPCOM]]" and the TV show ''[[Home Improvement (TV series)|Home Improvement]]'' by [[Touchstone Television]]. In 2012, he appeared at Chicon 7, the 70th World Science Fiction Convention, as the "Astronaut Guest of Honor." <ref>{{cite web | title = Chicon 7: Story Musgrave | url = http://chicon7.org/musgrave.php | accessdate=2012-09-16}}</ref>

==Quotes==
* "I came from an extraordinarily dysfunctional family, full of abuse and alcoholism... It's hard to say what drives a three year-old, but I think I had a sense that nature was my solace, and nature was a place in which there was beauty, in which there was order."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Musgrave|first1=Story|title=Interview: Story Musgrave, Dean of American Astronauts|url=http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/printmember/mus0int-1|website=www.achievement.org|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|accessdate=16 July 2014}}</ref>
* "When you see a launch from the outside, it's a rather glorious, magnificent thing.  Inside, it's the absolute opposite of that.  It's 137 decibels.  It's shaking.  Everything is shaking.  You're along for the ride and you want to survive that.  So, it's not a joy ride for me.  It's what I need to go through to get into the incredible serenity and celestial dance of zero gravity."<ref>"[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0759860/]", [[Hyperspace (TV Series)|Hyperspace]], British Broadcasting, aired 2001-08-26.</ref>
* "Getting out of the comfortable path, that's what exploration is all about."<ref>{{cite web |title=Story Musgrave Interview |work=Academy of Achievement website |url=http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/mus0int-1}}</ref>
* "People love Hubble images. It tells 'em where they are from, it tells 'em where they're going, it ties it all together."<ref>"[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/programs/ht/tm/3512.html?site=30&pl=qt&rate=hi&ch=2 Space Shuttle Disaster]", [[Nova (TV series)|Nova]], PBS. Boston: [[WGBH-TV|WGBH]], aired 2008-10-14 ([http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3512_columbia.html transcript] ).</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of spaceflight records]]

==References==
{{Include-NASA}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons|Category:Story Musgrave}}
*[http://www.storymusgrave.com/ Official website of Story Musgrave]
*[http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/musgrave.html Musgrave's official NASA biography]
*[http://www.astronautix.com/astros/musgrave.htm Astronautix biography of Story Musgrave]
*[http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/musgrave_story.htm Spacefacts biography of Story Musgrave]
*[http://www.spaceacts.com/starship/seh/musgrave.html Musgrave at Spaceacts]
*[http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/M/Musgrave.html Musgrave at Encyclopedia of Science]
*[http://www.muldrake.com/musgrave.html About Story Musgrave]
*{{IMDb name|0615667}}
*[http://www.nmspacemuseum.org/halloffame/detail.php?id=126 Musgrave at International Space Hall of Fame]
*{{C-SPAN|Story Musgrave}}
{{NASA Astronaut Group 6}}

{{Wikipedia|Story Musgrave}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Musgrave, Story}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1983 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:1985 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:1989 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:1991 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:1993 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:1996 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:American astronauts]]
[[Category:American aviators]]
[[Category:Flight instructors]]
[[Category:Aviators from Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni]]
[[Category:American physicians]]
[[Category:Marietta College alumni]]
[[Category:American chemists]]
[[Category:People from Kentucky]]
[[Category:People from Brookline, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Physician astronauts]]
[[Category:St. Mark's School (Massachusetts) alumni]]
[[Category:Syracuse University alumni]]
[[Category:American mathematicians]]
[[Category:American statisticians]]
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni]]
[[Category:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:University of Houston–Clear Lake alumni]]
[[Category:University of Kentucky alumni]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps officers]]
[[Category:NASA people]]